Aflatoxin is from Aspergillus and is associated with contact with stored grains or nuts (hence peanut farmer. Aflatoxin increases risk of hepatocellular carcinoma [FA2020 p225 and 392]
One hard part of this question (aside from remembering the semi-random carcinogen) is knowing that this is hepatocellular carcinoma even though they try to throw you off with a positive Anti-HepA IgG. Anti-HepA IgG can be found from prior infection or from vaccination and actually protects against reinfection (FA2020 p174), and based on his other negative serology he is unlikely to have a hepatitis virus currently active. Further, the finding of a single lesion with the histology that includes dysplasia and no normal architecture screams cancer.
Nitrosamines are associated with gastric carcinoma. Nicotine on its own is not associated with cancer but smoking is associated with loads of squamous cancer and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, among others. Mercury is not specifically associated with any cancer but can cause toxicity.
scubasteveSubnote: only HepB and HepC have the ability to progress to chronic hepatitis, with HepC having a much higher chance of becoming chronic (vs. HepB) due to high degree of antigenic variation+3
submitted by โcassdawg(1780)
Aflatoxin is from Aspergillus and is associated with contact with stored grains or nuts (hence peanut farmer. Aflatoxin increases risk of hepatocellular carcinoma [FA2020 p225 and 392]
One hard part of this question (aside from remembering the semi-random carcinogen) is knowing that this is hepatocellular carcinoma even though they try to throw you off with a positive Anti-HepA IgG. Anti-HepA IgG can be found from prior infection or from vaccination and actually protects against reinfection (FA2020 p174), and based on his other negative serology he is unlikely to have a hepatitis virus currently active. Further, the finding of a single lesion with the histology that includes dysplasia and no normal architecture screams cancer.
Nitrosamines are associated with gastric carcinoma. Nicotine on its own is not associated with cancer but smoking is associated with loads of squamous cancer and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, among others. Mercury is not specifically associated with any cancer but can cause toxicity.