This seems like NADPH oxidase deficiency, as the patient has history of multiple cutaneous abscess with Staph aurues during past 9 months. Therefore, a catalase positive organism is the likely cause, besides microbiological characteristics befitting Nocardia

Nocardia is a gram(+), weakly acid-fast bacteria that forms long, branching filaments resembling fungi. (FA2020 p139). Nocardia commonly causes pulmonary infection in the immunocompromised.

For the other answers: Fungi would not be gram (+) so you could eliminate Candida. Pneumocystis is "dented ping pong balls" and not filamentous on bronchoscopy. StreptoCOCCUS is a gram(+) coccus, not a rod. Bacillus anthracis is a gram(+), spore-forming rod that can have "medusa-head" halo of projections but his history does not have an exposure that would point to pulmonary anthrax (wool-sorters disease) and further it would still not be described as filamentous. Pulmonary anthrax also would likely have widened mediastinum on CXR.