Alcohol leads to the induction of P450 enzymes that convert acetaminophen to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI), a toxic metabolite that causes hepatotoxicity in the setting of acetaminophen overdose.

M. Acidosis or decreased NAD+ and increased NADH do not play a direct role in acetaminophen-mediated hepatotoxicity!

During pregnancy, progesterone is produced by the:

• corpus Luteum for the first 7-10 weeks of gestation, secondary to stimulation by human chorionic gonadotropin from the placental syncytiotrophoblast.

• after 7+ weeks, it is primarily produced by the placenta.

The round ligament of the uterus is a fibromuscular band of tissue that extends from the superolateral part of the uterus where the fallopian tubes insert, passes through the inguinal canal, and ends in the labia majora. Stretching of the round ligament commonly leads to pain during pregnancy.

Examination during an open fung biopsy shows a thick: firm, white pleural tumor that ensheathes the right lung. = Mesothelioma.

Asbestosis is a chronic progressive pulmonary disorder associated with interstitial fibrosis and an increased risk for both primary bronchogenic carcinoma and malignant mesothelioma. Occupational risk factors for asbestos exposure include shipbuilding, roofing, and plumbing.